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Centrifuge Research and Development Limitations in Iran
(Institute for Science and International Security) Iran's centrifuge research and development (R&D) program poses several risks to the verifiability of a comprehensive solution under the Joint Plan of Action. Equipped with more advanced centrifuges, Iran would need far fewer centrifuges than if it had to use IR-1 centrifuges, permitting a smaller, easier to hide centrifuge manufacturing complex and far fewer procurements of vital equipment overseas. Advanced centrifuges bring with them significant verification challenges that complicate the development of an adequate verification system. Even with an intrusive system, International Atomic Energy Agency inspectors would be challenged to find such small centrifuge manufacturing sites, detect the relatively few secret procurements from abroad, or find a small, clandestine centrifuge plant outfitted with these advanced centrifuges.