DAILY ALERT
Special Edition
Wednesday,
June 25, 2025
In-Depth Issues:

IDF: We Pushed Iran's Nuclear Program Back by Years - Yonah Jeremy Bob (Jerusalem Post)
    IDF Spokesman Brig.-Gen. Effie Defrin said Wednesday, "We fulfilled all of the goals of the operation [against Iran], even more than expected."
    "The estimate is that we substantially harmed the nuclear program... we set it back years. I repeat: years backwards."
    Defrin said there was an Iran before this Israeli operation which was close to breaking out to a nuclear weapon, and there is now an Iran after the operation which is far from breaking out to a nuclear weapon.



Iran Preferred to Surrender to the Great Satan - Ron Ben-Yishai (Ynet News)
    Israel must ensure that Iran is not attempting a rapid breakout toward a basic nuclear weapon, such as a crude "dirty bomb" - using its remaining stockpile of 60% enriched uranium and several hundred advanced centrifuges reportedly hidden away.
    As a result, Israel must now ramp up intelligence-gathering efforts in close coordination with the U.S. to verify how much high-level enriched uranium Iran still has, potentially enabling a swift nuclear breakout.
    Another key focus is Iran's remaining missile capabilities. It's possible Iran also retains significant offensive capacity with cruse missiles and drones.
    Negotiations over a new nuclear deal could take several months. If the results are unsatisfactory from Israel's perspective, or if Iran drags its feet, another military confrontation may be necessary.
    It seems the Iranian leadership signaled their desire for a "dignified" ceasefire once they opted for a weak, pre-coordinated response to the U.S. strike.
    This may not have been a traditional white-flag surrender, but Iran's move to let Washington know it sought to avoid escalation was a capitulation in all but name.
    It's likely that the American strike accelerated the end of the war because surrendering to U.S. military pressure is considered more "honorable" than backing down in the face of Israeli strikes.
    In the eyes of the Iranian regime, conceding to the "Great Satan" - the world's most powerful superpower - does less damage to its image and internal stability than appearing to fold before the "Little Satan," Israel.



Israeli Source: "We Know Where Iran's Enriched Uranium Is" - Lior Ben Ari (Ynet News)
    An Israeli security source told Saudi channel Al-Hadath that most of Iran's enriched uranium is "buried under the ruins" of nuclear sites.
    "We know exactly where Iran moved its enriched uranium, but we will not attack it to avoid causing a nuclear disaster," the source said, emphasizing that "Iran's nuclear capabilities, infrastructure, facilities and centrifuges have been destroyed."



Iran Likely Cannot Build Nuclear Weapons Now - Andrea Stricker (Foundation for Defense of Democracies)
    Iran likely lacks the option to build nuclear weapons in the short term due to Israeli strikes that damaged Tehran's weaponization capabilities extensively.
    Israel struck numerous weaponization facilities, equipment, atomic weapons components, and documentation, and assassinated at least 14 nuclear scientists.
    Israel has penetrated Iran's atomic weapons program and activities so deeply that Israel would likely detect Iran building nuclear weapons, an action that would probably invite additional, massive U.S. and Israeli strikes.
    The writer is a research fellow and deputy director of the Nonproliferation and Biodefense Program at the FDD.



Iran Claims It Forced Israel into Ceasefire - Afshin Madadi (Telegraph-UK)
    Iran said it had forced Israel into a ceasefire after 12 days of heavy fighting.
    State television claimed the Islamic Republic's "successful resistance" had "imposed a ceasefire on the enemy."
    Iran also claimed its missile strike on the Al Udeid U.S. base in Qatar had prompted President Trump to call for an end to the war.
    See also Tehran Endures Night of Heavy Attacks before Ceasefire Is Announced - Farnaz Fassihi (New York Times)
    In the hours before a ceasefire between Israel and Iran went into effect Tuesday morning, Tehran was pounded by the most intense and sustained airstrikes since the war started on June 13, residents said.



Iran's Fordow Nuclear Site Likely Sealed Up before B-2 Strikes - Joseph Trevithick (War Zone)
    Satellite imagery shows evidence that Iran took steps to seal off its nuclear enrichment facility at Fordow in the days leading up to the U.S. strikes, which would have shielded it against a potential ground raid.
    This may have factored into the final decision to launch bunker buster bombs as the remaining viable option for attacking the facility.



How the Mossad Infiltrated Iran - Saul Sadka (Jewish Chronicle-UK)
    How is it that Israel, a country more than a thousand kilometers away, can operate so freely within Iran, one of the most tightly surveilled, repressive regimes in the Middle East - where any captured agent faces certain torture and death?
    In reality, Iran is a fractured state, holding together a volatile patchwork of discontented ethnic and religious groups under the banner of a decaying revolutionary ideology.
    Only about 48% of Iran's population is ethnically Persian. The remaining 52% is made up of Azeris, Kurds, Arabs, Balochs, Lurs, Turkmen, and others, many of whom harbor deep resentment toward the Persian-dominated regime.
    These groups maintain strong cross-border ties with neighboring populations, making them natural allies for foreign intelligence agencies and enemies of Tehran.
    Most people living in the border regions feel more loyal to their trans-border tribe or ethnicity than to the Islamic Republic.
    Iran's geography also aids infiltration: its vast mountainous borders are impossible to seal hermetically.
    The Revolutionary Guard, the regime's backbone, has become a retirement club for ageing, overweight men in their 60s and 70s. These are the original 1979 revolutionaries.



News Resources - North America, Europe, and Asia:
  • Trump Pressures Israel to Scale Back Retaliation Strike in Iran - Barak Ravid
    Under pressure from President Trump, Israeli Prime Minister Netanyahu significantly scaled back planned retaliation against Iran's violation of a ceasefire agreement, Israeli and U.S. officials said Tuesday. The Israeli Prime Minister's Office said that Iran launched three missiles toward Israel after the ceasefire went into effect, but that the missiles were "intercepted or landed in open areas without causing injuries or damage."
        Israeli Minister of Defense Israel Katz said he ordered the Israel Defense Forces to engage in retaliation for Iran's violation of the ceasefire. As the Israeli fighter jets were making their way to Iran, Trump told reporters that he was unhappy with both Iran and Israel for violating the ceasefire. Trump spoke to Netanyahu and asked him not to attack Iran.
        A senior Israeli official said Netanyahu told Trump that he could not cancel the strike completely and that some response was needed to Iran's ceasefire violation. "In the end, it was decided to significantly scale back the strike, cancel the attack on a large number of targets, and strike only one radar system outside of Tehran," the Israeli official said. (Axios)
        See also Trump Praises Israel for Scaling Back Iran Strikes after Ceasefire - Lazar Berman
    After criticizing Israel for striking Iran after a ceasefire was announced, President Trump praised Israel for scaling back a planned major attack. "I was so proud of them. It was a great thing." Trump said that "technically they were right," referring to Israel's claims that Iran violated the ceasefire by firing missiles at Israel after the 7 a.m. start of the truce. Asked if he would strike Iran again if it rebuilds its uranium enrichment facilities, Trump said, "Sure."  (Times of Israel)
  • Why Trump Was Confident that Iran Was Building a Bomb - David Ignatius
    After a ceasefire between Israel and Iran, what's next is a period of negotiations. Israel wants a verifiable, ironclad agreement to prevent Iran from ever producing a nuclear weapon. Negotiators will confront this essential problem: Iran has been lying about its activities for more than 20 years. It said it wasn't trying to make a bomb even as it had its top scientists push toward weaponization. It claimed to be leveling with the International Atomic Energy Agency, but the IAEA concluded last month that it wasn't.
        Israeli intelligence, backed by IAEA investigations, shows that after Iran ceased its Amad weaponization program in 2003, it secretly reconstituted a new effort to pursue similar research. The Iranians moved equipment from one set of secret sites to other covert locations, covering their tracks to evade IAEA inspectors, Israel and IAEA found.
        This renewed push to make a bomb - as opposed to just enriching the fuel for one - was probably the trigger for the devastating war that Israel began on June 13. Israeli intelligence on Iranian weaponization was shared with me by a source familiar with the reports. Much of it tracks IAEA reports published on June 12 with the agency's stern warning that it couldn't "provide assurance that Iran's nuclear program is exclusively peaceful."
        Trump has received much more detailed information from Israel, and officials say that's why he stated last week that Iran was actively seeking to build a weapon, despite a statement to the contrary in March by Director of National Intelligence Tulsi Gabbard. Based on what I saw, I would be surprised if the House and Senate intelligence committees didn't conclude that U.S. analysts were being too cautious in preparing Gabbard's March 26 testimony that the intelligence community "continues to assess that Iran is not building a nuclear weapon."
        Iran's renewed weaponization program was called SPND, known in English as the Organization of Defensive Innovation and Research, according to an Israeli document. A key site at Shariati, in Tehran, "is part of Iran's concealment and deception efforts" and houses some of its technical laboratories and workshops. The site was struck by Israeli jets on June 13. Another key site, Sanjarian, near Parchin, produced detonators. It was also struck last week by Israeli jets.
        Iran's weaponization infrastructure is now in ruins. Israel has destroyed the equipment - and killed the researchers - that were part of a secret bombmaking effort dating back 25 years. Any future nuclear agreement with Iran must reliably ban any restart of these activities. (Washington Post)
News Resources - Israel and the Mideast:
  • Seven IDF Soldiers Killed in Khan Yunis Explosion - Amir Bohbot
    Seven soldiers from the combat engineering corps were killed in a blast that struck their armored personnel carrier in Khan Yunis in Gaza, the IDF announced on Wednesday. A preliminary investigation revealed that a terrorist was able to attach an explosive device to the APC. (Jerusalem Post)
  • Netanyahu: We Removed the Threat of Annihilation by Nuclear Weapons and Ballistic Missiles
    Prime Minister Benjamin Netanyahu said Tuesday: "In the 12 days of Operation Rising Lion, we achieved a historic victory, which will stand for generations. We removed two existential threats: The threat of annihilation by nuclear weapons and the threat of annihilation by 20,000 ballistic missiles. Had we not acted now, the State of Israel would have soon faced the danger of annihilation."
        "We destroyed the main enrichment facility in Natanz, the uranium conversion plant in Isfahan and the heavy water installation in Arak. Our friend, President Trump, stood alongside us in an unprecedented manner. On his order, the U.S. military destroyed the enrichment facility deep underground at Fordo."
        "We sent Iran's nuclear project to oblivion. And if anyone in Iran tries to rebuild this project - we will act with the same determination and the same force to cut off any such attempt....This is a moment of national pride, a moment of unity, a moment when every citizen in Israel can stand proudly and say: Together we did the unimaginable. The nation rose as a lion."  (Prime Minister's Office)
Global Commentary and Think-Tank Analysis:

    War with Iran

  • Winners and Losers of the 12-Day Israel-Iran War - Maj. (ret.) John Spencer
    War is the deliberate application of force in pursuit of political objectives. In the 12-day war between Israel and Iran, based on what can be objectively and openly assessed, Israel and the U.S. achieved overwhelming success at the tactical, operational, and strategic levels. Iran, while executing limited retaliation, suffered a decisive defeat. Most importantly, Iran is no longer as close to acquiring a nuclear weapon.
        Israel struck dozens of critical Iranian targets including nuclear facilities, air bases, missile launchers, drone hubs, and leadership compounds. Iran's air defenses, including Russian-built systems, failed to stop any manned aircraft, while Israel demonstrated complete air superiority and the operational freedom to hit any target anywhere inside Iran.
        This display of power shattered the myth of Iran's invulnerability. Israel signaled to the region and to the world that Iran can be struck, its infrastructure can be broken, and its leadership can be targeted without hesitation. Over 20 senior Iranian military commanders were killed, while at least 14 nuclear scientists were eliminated.
        There can be no question that Iran's nuclear program has been set back drastically. The scale of damage to enrichment facilities, the elimination of key nuclear scientists, the destruction of centrifuge production lines, and the targeting of missile development infrastructure have dealt a blow that Iran cannot easily recover from.
        A new precedent has been set: Iran must never be allowed to acquire nuclear weapons - not through diplomatic statements, not through unenforced sanctions, and not through fragile deals, but with decisive action if necessary.
        The U.S. helped secure a ceasefire - one that preserved Israeli gains, avoided regional escalation, and altered Iran's nuclear trajectory. No American aircraft were lost. No soldiers were killed. The administration demonstrated a doctrine of force without occupation. No regime change. No long-term ground presence.
        The world now faces a weakened Iran. Its nuclear program is degraded. Its proxies are silent. Its credibility is shattered. And the principle that force can be used morally and precisely, in defense of peace, was upheld.
        The writer is chair of urban warfare studies at the Modern War Institute at West Point.  (Substack)
  • The Iranian Regime Was Exposed before Its People as a Paper Tiger - Natan Sharansky interviewed by Lahav Harkov
    Former Israeli politician and Soviet refusenik Natan Sharansky said the Iranian "regime has been very weakened in the eyes of its own people. A regime like Iran needs...a way to keep its people under control, and the only control they had is through fear. The moment the level of fear goes down, or the empire looks weak, or some serious event causes people to doubt it, the regime can fall apart very quickly."
        "The fact that Israel was destroying the symbols of the regime, one after the other - the [Revolutionary Guards] headquarters, the Interior Ministry that controlled people's movement - meant the regime was being weakened in the eyes of its own people....It was exposed as a paper tiger so quickly."
        "The regime can be changed by people on the inside, if they stop being afraid. If a small group stops being afraid and goes to the streets, it's very risky. If many people think it's possible and millions stop being afraid, that's the end of the regime."  (Jewish Insider)
  • "The Resistance" Is Far from Defeated - Dr. Michael Milshtein
    October 7 was perceived by the resistance camp as a manifestation of the belief that the circumstances enabling Israel's annihilation had been created. In practice, over 20 months, the parties composing this camp have been hit to the point that some have disappeared altogether: Assad's regime collapsed; Hizbullah has been stripped of most of its military capabilities and is showing no motivation to resume fighting; and Iran, the camp leader, has sustained unprecedented blows, primarily affecting its nuclear program.
        Yet we must not fall into the euphoric trap of 1967 Israel. We may see a willingness to accept and even collaborate with Israel, mostly by those who already supported the promotion of normalization, but also greater hostility, vengefulness, and fear of a "Zionist hegemony" in the region.
        The resistance idea is being hit hard, but it may father clones that will pose a security challenge that will require Israel to be alert and ready to initiate attacks. To truly uproot the resistance idea would require a profound cultural and cognitive shift in the Arab and Muslim world that, for the time being, is still far from embracing the spirit of deradicalization.
        The writer heads the Palestinian Studies Forum at Tel Aviv University's Dayan Center.  (Ynet News)
  • Israel Put Every Adversary on Notice that It Will No Longer Play Nice - Yonah Jeremy Bob
    What Israel did during its 12-day war against Iran was important for all of the Iranian proxies to see - their leader pummeled into submission. Why will they try to pick a fight with Israel in the future if their leader and weapons provider cannot stand up to the Jewish state?
        Israel hit dozens of nuclear sites multiple times. Its success convinced President Trump to join the fray. Israel managed to eliminate 2/3 of Iran's ballistic missile launchers. This required innumerable flights of 1,500 km. and even farther.
        Iran fired 500 ballistic missiles at Israel over 12 days, killing only 29 Israelis. These were not the dumb rockets that made up most of Hamas and Hizbullah's arsenals, which could be shot down by Iron Dome. These far more advanced and deadly missiles needed to be shot down by the Arrow 3 system, which hits them in the atmosphere.
        During this war, Israel killed nine of 13 top Iranian commanders and penetrated every nook and cranny of Tehran they wanted to get to. Israel put every adversary in the region on notice that it will no longer play nice - and that any party seeking to harm Israel should be ready to pay for it at the highest levels. (Jerusalem Post)


  • The U.S. in the Middle East

  • U.S. Credibility Returns to the Middle East - Karen Elliott House
    President Trump's dramatic weekend strike may or may not have obliterated Iran's nuclear potential, but it has restored U.S. deterrence and credibility. While Israel obviously is the big winner from the war it launched against Iran just over a week ago, Saudi Arabia stands to emerge as the other major regional beneficiary. Gone is Iran's "Axis of Resistance," which encircled the region and tormented Saudi Arabia.
        Both Israel and Saudi Arabia were earmarked for elimination. Iran coveted not only Saudi Arabia's oil but, more important, its guardianship of Islam's two holiest sites, Mecca and Medina. Hoping to ward off any Iranian retaliation against the kingdom now, the Saudi foreign minister tweeted the country's "great concern" for the "sisterly Islamic Republic of Iran." But make no mistake: Riyadh is thrilled.
        With a single blow, Mr. Trump restored America's reputation in the region. At the same time, Russia and China, Iran's supposed loyal allies, look impotent watching their partner being mauled. Equally important for the Saudis, the humiliation of Khamenei, the great leader of Shiism, explodes the myth that God is on the side of Islamists.
        The writer is former managing editor and publisher of the Wall Street Journal. (Wall Street Journal)


  • Israeli Security

  • The Unsung Heroes Who Make Israeli Victory Possible - Daniel Polisar
    Anyone wanting to get a full picture of what has enabled Israel to carry out and sustain its attacks on Iran needs to look at the role of the reservists, the tens of thousands of fighters who contribute mightily to their country's defenses and show extraordinary dedication and sacrifice to an unparalleled degree.
        These are army veterans who completed their full service and then entered civilian life as students, members of the work force, spouses, and parents. They have provided the bulk of the combat troops largely responsible for Israel's successes during a multi-front war that has been going on for more than twenty months.
        Reserve brigades and reservists holding key positions in regular, conscript units played a crucial role in every stage of degrading Hamas in Gaza. Reservists did the lion's share of defending the northern border against Hizbullah until the IDF was ready to shift its resources to decapitate and defang that terror organization. They likewise played a crucial role in the ground operation against Hizbullah that helped force it into a humiliating ceasefire.
        The removal of the threat of parallel attacks by Hizbullah and Hamas, coupled with creating the conditions to enable Israeli pilots to fly safely over Syrian airspace en route to and from Iran, made Iran more vulnerable to Israeli attack, paving the way for the recent Israeli strikes on the Islamic Republic.
        The conflict with Iran has highlighted, yet again, the extraordinary sacrifice willingly undertaken by the combat reservists, who effectively are volunteers since there are no sanctions on those who choose not to report for duty.
        V., a freshman at Shalem College, is a company commander in the IDF's search-and-rescue unit. Since Oct. 7, she has been in the reserves for more than 270 days. When the IDF commenced its attacks on Iran, she and her entire company were called up for immediate service, although they had finished their previous round only two months earlier. 98% of her soldiers reported for duty.
        Although Israelis have a reputation for enjoying the good life and are highly sensitive to casualties among thier soldiers, when the going gets tough the citizens of the Jewish state are willing to pay a steep price to defend themselves against brutal enemies and protect their hard-earned freedom and sovereignty.
        The writer is co-founder and executive vice-president of Shalem College in Jerusalem.  (Mosaic)
Observations:

  • On Sunday, America's airforce pummeled nuclear sites in Iran. On the same day, the IDF announced it had recovered the body of Ofra Kedar, 70, from Gaza. On Oct. 7, Ofra was taking her usual morning walk in Kibbutz Be'eri when she happened upon men from the 6,000-strong army of Islamo-fascists that invaded Israel that day. In the moment they drew their guns, Ofra's daughter-in-law phoned her. She later recounted Ofra's last words. "Why are you shooting at me? What did I do?" The call ended.
  • The cruel demise of this good woman at the hands of an invading army reminds us that this war started 625 days ago. Her brutal death stand as a fierce rebuke to the moral infantilism of those who accuse Israel of launching an unprovoked war of aggression against Iran.
  • From beyond the grave, this Jew, who perished along with 1,200 others in a pogrom of the like we hadn't seen since the Nazis, pleads with us to do what is right and just and think honestly about the origins of this war. The depiction of Iran as the victim of unjust violence represents a sickening erasure of Jews like Ofra Kedar who were put to death by a militia sponsored by Iran.
  • Irish novelist Sally Rooney, writing in the Guardian, accuses Israel and the U.S. of launching "a series of unprovoked" attacks on Iran. Was the murder of Ofra Kedar not a provocation? Was the Iranian-approved invasion of Israel for the purposes of raping and murdering a thousand Jews not a provocation? To say the strikes on Iran are "unprovoked" is to say the mass murder of Jews is not an especially important event. It's not worth avenging.
  • What worries me right now is the blindness of political actors across the West to the true Forever War, the one that started this current war. This is the war of Iran against the Jewish nation; the war of Islamism against the Jews; the war of tyrannical theocracy against democracy.
  • For 46 years, the Islamic Republic has been devoted to the destruction of the Jewish state. Iranian children are taught to hate Israel. The Israeli flag is set alight on official parades. The proxies of Hamas, Hizbullah and the Houthis are funded and trained to attack Israel and slaughter its people. There's your Forever War - Iran's almost 50-year mission to lay apocalyptic waste to the world's only Jewish nation.

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